ABSTRACT
Background: In recent years, laptop computers were popular among college students for the purpose of education as well as recreation. Aims & Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the current practice of Laptop computer and computer related health problems among college students, based on ergonomics. Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted over a three month timeframe, from April to June, 2013 in tertiary care hospital and teaching medical college. We included 100 students with age group 22-28 years, using laptop computer. Pre-designed and content validated, self-reporting questionnaire was used for data collection. Student’s refusal for participation and incomplete questionnaire were excluded in the study. Results: Current practice of laptop’s usage was ergonomically improper. Prolonged usage in improper posture has created various musculoskeletal problems among medical students. Conclusion: Current practice of laptop’s usage exposes students to prolonged poor postures which leads to various musculoskeletal problems. There is a need to increase the awareness of ergonomics to improve the current practice of laptop’s usage and to minimize health problems among students.
ABSTRACT
Background: Post dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a serious complication of spinal anaesthesia and incidence is more particularly in parturient. Aims & Objective: The present study was designed to investigate the use of 27 Gauge (G) spinal needle for spinal anaesthesia in Caesarean section in terms of success and PDPH rate. Material and Methods: We included total 50 female patients of aged 20-40 years old, were administered spinal anaesthesia with 27G Quincke spinal needle for Caesarean section by same investigator having enough experience. Redirections and attempts for lumbar puncture, success rates of spinal anaesthesia and PDPH were recorded. Results: We succeeded in 49 patients (98%) to administer spinal anaesthesia. The mean attempt and redirections for lumbar puncture were 1.1 and 1.24 respectively. We found PDPH in 1 patient (2%), which was mild in severity and subsided within two days. Conclusion: Spinal anaesthesia using a 27G Quincke spinal needle, in experienced hands can have successful spinal block with reduced PDPH rates in patients undergoing Caesarean section.
ABSTRACT
Background: Succinylcholine induced fasciculations and myalgia may be a source of greater distress to the patient than the surgical pain. Aims & Objective: This study was designed to see if propofol offered any protection against succinylcholine induced fasciculations and myalgia compared with thiopentone sodium. Material and Methods: This prospective, randomized study was conducted in a teaching and tertiary care hospital. The study included 99 adult patients scheduled to undergo general anaesthesia for elective surgery. The patients were allocated randomly and equally into Group P1, P2 and T. Anaesthesia was induced in group P1 with propofol 2.5 mg/kg, group P2 with propofol 3.5 mg/kg and group T with thiopentone sodium 5 mg/kg. Tracheal intubation was facilitated by administration of intravenous succinylcholine 2 mg/kg. Incidence and severity of fasciculations were recorded. Anaesthesia was maintained with 50% Nitrous oxide in oxygen, Isoflurane and Vecuronium bromide. At the end of surgery, neuromuscular blockage is reversed and patients were extubated. All the patients were assessed at 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperatively to evaluate the incidence and severity of myalgia. Anova test was applied for quantitative data and Chi-square test for qualitative data. P value < 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: The demographic data of patients of the three groups were comparable. The total incidence of fasciculations were 25(75.76%), 16(48.48%) and 26(78.79%) in group P1, P2 and T respectively (p<0.001). Total score of fasciculations was 44(44.44%), 22(22.22%) and 53(53.54%) in group P1, P2 and T respectively. The severity of fasciculations was reduced more in group P2 than group P1 and T (p=0.0006). The total incidence of myalgia were 19(57.57%), 10(30.3%) and 23(69.7%) in group P1, P2 and T respectively (p<0.001). Total score of myalgia was 35(35.35), 18(18.18) and 45 (45.45) in group P1, P2 and T respectively. The severity of myalgia was reduced more in group P2 than group P1 and T (p<0.001). There was no correlation between fasciculations and myalgia in the present study (Pearson’s r correlation, r = - 0.139). Conclusion: Propofol 3.5 mg/kg in comparison with propofol 2.5 mg/kg and thiopentone sodium 5 mg/kg is effective in reducing the incidence and severity of succinylcholine induced fasciculations and myalgia.